The solutions, which addressed ways to improve our energy, waste and food systems, aimed to redefine consumption patterns and revolutionise some of the most polluting industries to tackle the world’s most pressing problems.

Here are the coolest innovations we saw at Ecosperity 2019 in June.

Beating plastic pollution

The world’s disposable plastic addiction causes a mind-boggling 12 million tonnes of plastic to enter our oceans every year, heavily impacting marine ecosystems.

Even those who are unmoved by environmental issues will have woken up to plastic pollution when microplastic was found in human stools for the first time last year, confirming that the material has entered the human food chain.

Singapore alone consumes 2.2 million plastic straws a day. The use of drinking straws is deeply ingrained in many people’s daily lives, but a survey showed last year that 80 percent of Singaporeans were actually ready to ditch the habit, provided there are alternatives. This is where RWDC Industries comes in.

At the other end of the value chain, Taiwanese recycling company Miniwiz seeks to have a different sort of impact. Dedicated to unlocking the potential of the things we discard, the firm upcycles consumer trash and industrial waste to create products ranging from sunglasses and furniture to building materials and boats.

To tackle waste and enable recycling everywhere, the company has created a mobile recycling machine. The “Trashpresso” plant runs on solar power, making it deployable off-grid, and recycles plastic and fabric waste to produce architectural tiles.

Upcycled style on the rise

Resources used to produce clothes pollute the air, water and soil, and yet, nearly three-fifths of clothing is discarded within a year of being produced. The apparel and footwear industries also account for close to 10 percent of global carbon emissions.

To explore how fashion can meet consumer demand while protecting the environment, Singapore-headquartered investment company Temasek — host of the annual Ecosperity Conference — launched its first-ever upcycling competition titled Trash to Fash.

Trash to Fash tasked participants to create apparel that appeals to contemporary youths using only upcycled materials and recycled fabric made from PET bottles.

From lab-grown shrimp to Singapore-grown strawberries

By 2050, the United Nations estimates that the world population will reach 9.7 billion, and 68 percent of us will live in cities.

Feeding nearly 10 million mouths with a food supply already under threat from climate change and land degradation calls for a radical transformation of the way we produce and consume food.

Livestock farming already accounts for about 15 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions and over 90 percent of the world’s marine fish stocks are estimated to be overfished or fully fished. Until now, land-based solutions such as shrimp farming have exacerbated the problem by destroying mangroves and polluting waters in countries like Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia.

Among the disruptive innovations that could strengthen food security are high-tech vertical farming, alternative proteins such as plant, insect-based and lab-grown protein and vertical aquaculture designs.

Singapore-based company Sustenir Agriculture has come up with a vertical farming system that enables even non-native crops like strawberries or kale to be grown in the space-constrained city-state, while the use of artificial intelligence (AI) further increases productivity.

To push back against overfishing and mangrove destruction, Apollo Aquaculture, a Singaporean seafood farming company, has developed Singapore’s first land-based, vertical farming system for both fish and shrimp.

The use of a recirculating aquaculture system means the farm has better control over environmental risks such as algae blooms and disease outbreaks and does not rely on antibiotics and hormones. It also enables higher and more consistent yields while using less water and land compared to conventional fish farms.

The company plans to deploy its first vertical farm by 2020 and to eventually contribute about five percent of Singapore’s total fish consumption by 2023.

In an effort to transform the shrimp industry, the Singapore-based clean meat company Shio Meats has taken a different approach.

A common issue with shrimp monocultures is their susceptibility to disease, which has resulted in the growing use of antibiotics and harmful chemicals in the industry, so the company decided to try producing a clean variety of the much-loved seafood in the lab by isolating stem cells from a shrimp and growing them in a nutrient mix in bioreactors.

Aware of the heavy environmental impacts of meat production, and of the fact that few people would be willing to change their diets for the sake of the earth, the Californian food technology firm Impossible Foods makes plant-based food rich in protein that look, feel and taste exactly like meat while containing less fat and calories.